civilwarmemory

Tiny Info of World War - II

2009-06-26T09:56:00.000-07:00

World War II from a New Mexican Perspective!

When war broke out in Europe and Asia in 1939, the War Department suggested to the National Guard that their 111th Cavalry convert to another branch of service. The age of the horse as a combatant had passed. Thus, the officers and non-commissioned officers of the command jointly selected coast artillery. In 1940, the 111th was re-designated the 200th Coast Artillery Regiment (AA) and the 158th was reorganized as the 104th Anti-Tank battalion. On January 6, 1940, these units, along with the 120th Engineer Regiment, were called to active duty for a one-year training period that became the prelude to some of the earliest combat experienced by American troops in World War II.

New Mexico in the 1940s also began to play a critical role in the emerging relationship between science and the military, which would grow rapidly in the decades to follow. This started with the testing of the variable-timed, radio, proximity-fused artillery shells that would be crucial to protecting the Navy's ships from Kamikazes and to the Army's defense of Bastogne, Belgium in 1944. Airplanes were suspended over the desert mesa near Kirtland between the tallest wooden towers in the world and used for targets.

The importance of the proximity fuze to the successful outcome of the Second World War is best stated by those who witnessed its effectiveness.

James V. Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy said, "The proximity fuze has helped blaze the trail to Japan. Without the protection this ingenious device has given the surface ships of the Fleet, our westward push could not have been so swift and the cost in men and ships would have been immeasurably greater."

Prime Minister, Winston S. Churchill was quoted with "These so-called proximity fuzes, made in the United States. . , proved potent against the small unmanned aircraft (V-1) with which we were assailed in 1944."

And Commanding General of the Third Army, George S. Patton said, "The funny fuze won the Battle of the Bulge for us. I think that when all armies get this shell we will have to devise some new method of warfare."

Do U Know Bazooka?

2009-06-25T14:29:00.000-07:00

Volcano Erupts - Undersea

2009-06-24T17:02:00.000-07:00

Sinus Infections

2009-06-23T13:19:00.000-07:00

Can Cause Toxic Shock in Kids:

Sinus infections may be a primary factor in about 20 percent of toxic shock syndrome cases in children, a new study has found.

Fever, rash and low blood pressure are among the signs of toxic shock syndrome, widely regarded as a disease associated with tampon use and menstruation, according to background information in the study.

"Although not as publicized, numerous other risk factors have been established for toxic shock syndrome in association with focal infections, such as surgical wound infections [notably after rhinologic surgery and nasal packing], postpartum and postabortion infections, and a wide variety of connective tissue lesions," Dr. Kenny H. Chan, of the University of Colorado School of Medicine and The Children's Hospital of Denver, and colleagues, reported in the study.

The researchers analyzed the medical records of 76 children, average age 10, identified as having toxic shock syndrome. Of those children, 23 were also diagnosed with either acute or chronic rhinosinusitis -- infection and inflammation in the sinus passages surrounding the nose.

Ten of the 23 children with toxic shock syndrome and rhinosinusitis were admitted to the intensive care unit, four required medications to increase blood pressure and six underwent surgery, according to the study published in the June issue of the Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery.

"This study illustrates several salient points concerning toxic shock syndrome and rhinosinusitis in children," Chan and colleagues wrote. "First, rhinosinusitis as the primary culprit in the pathogenesis of toxic shock syndrome is not a sporadic phenomenon. In fact, the frequency of this combination…[in the study] is an impressive 21 percent."

The researchers concluded that "it is imperative that physicians, particularly those who are providing intensive care to children, recognize that rhinosinusitis can be the sole cause of toxic shock syndrome in children. Prompt imaging studies of the sinuses is mandatory when no apparent cause of toxic shock syndrome is found. Once rhinosinusitis is diagnosed, timely otolaryngology referral should be obtained, and sinus culture and lavage should be considered if the clinical condition warrants it."

Solar Technology

2009-06-22T16:19:00.000-07:00

Air Quality & How You Can Help?

2009-06-19T15:32:00.000-07:00

How Good is Your Air?

Health effects of ozone pollution. Did you know that 10 to 20 percent of all summertime respiratory-related hospital visits in some areas of the U.S. are associated with ozone pollution? Motor vehicle exhaust, gasoline vapors, and chemical solvents are major sources of ozone, which usually forms in hot weather. Ozone pollution can affect anyone who spends time outdoors in the summer, particularly children, the elderly, outdoor workers and people exercising. Repeated exposure to ozone pollution may cause permanent damage to the lungs. Even low ozone levels can trigger health problems in some people when it is inhaled; these can include chest pains, coughing, nausea, throat irritation, and congestion.

How Your Actions Can Help:

By making some fairly simple changes in your daily or weekly routine, you can help to clean the air. For instance:

Try taking an alternative form of transportation to work, such as a bus, train, bike, or even walking. This simple action can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by an estimated 1,500 pounds each year.
Look for the "Energy Star" label when you buy new appliances. Depending on the appliance, products with this label will consume between 13% and 40% less energy than conventional appliances.
Enroll in a green energy program. More and more utilities across the country are offering consumers the option of having some or all of their household or business energy purchased from renewable energy resources such as solar, wind and biomass.

Breast Cancer

2009-06-18T16:25:00.000-07:00

Top 10 Causes of Death for Women in the United States

Aside from non-melanoma skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women. Breast cancer is the number one cause of cancer death in Hispanic women. It is the second most common cause of cancer death in white, black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native women.

Statistics:

In 2005 (the most recent year numbers are available)

186,467 women and 1,764 men were diagnosed with breast cancer
41,116 women and 375 men died from breast cancer

James Buchanan - Did U Know?

2009-06-17T12:07:00.001-07:00

Did You Know?
The only president that never married. The White House hostess was his niece, Harriet Lane. In 1819, Buchanan became engaged to Ann Coleman. A misunderstanding took place and their engagement was broken. A short time later, Ann died. Buchanan vowed he would never marry.

Born into a well-to-do Pennsylvania family in 1791, Buchanan, a graduate of Dickinson College, was gifted as a debater and learned in the law.

He was elected five times to the House of Representatives; then, after an interlude as Minister to Russia, served for a decade in the Senate. He became Polk's Secretary of State and Pierce's Minister to Great Britain. Service abroad helped to bring him the Democratic nomination in 1856 because it had exempted him from involvement in bitter domestic controversies.

As President-elect, Buchanan thought the crisis would disappear if he maintained a sectional balance in his appointments and could persuade the people to accept constitutional law as the Supreme Court interpreted it. The Court was considering the legality of restricting slavery in the territories, and two justices hinted to Buchanan what the decision would be.

What is Influenza?

2009-06-14T22:57:00.000-07:00

The flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can cause mild to severe illness, and at times can lead to death. The best way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccination each fall.

Every year in the Arizona, on average:

5% to 20% of the population gets the flu;
more than 4,000 people are hospitalized from flu complications, and;
about 700 people die from flu.

Some people, such as older people, young children, and people with certain health conditions, are at high risk for serious flu complications.

Symptoms of Flu

Symptoms of flu include:

fever (usually high)
headache
extreme tiredness
dry cough
sore throat
runny or stuffy nose
muscle aches
Stomach symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, also can occur but are more common in children than adults

Complications of Flu

Complications of flu can include bacterial pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions, such as congestive heart failure, asthma, or diabetes.

How Flu Spreads

Flu viruses spread mainly from person to person through coughing or sneezing of people with influenza. Sometimes people may become infected by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose. Most healthy adults may be able to infect others beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 days after becoming sick. That means that you may be able to pass on the flu to someone else before you know you are sick, as well as while you are sick.

First Aid for Electrical Shock

2009-06-12T03:31:00.000-07:00

If you believe someone has been electrocuted take the following steps:

1. Look first. Don't touch. The person may still be in contact with the electrical source. Touching the person may pass the current through you.

2. Call or have someone else call 911 or emergency medical help.

3. Turn off the source of electricity if possible. If not, move the source away from you and the affected person using a nonconducting object made of cardboard, plastic or wood.

4. Once the person is free of the source of electricity, check the person's breathing and pulse. If either has stopped or seems dangerously slow or shallow, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately.

5. If the person is faint or pale or shows other signs of shock, lay the person down with the head slightly lower than the trunk of his or her body and the legs elevated.

6. Don't touch burns, break blisters, or remove burned clothing. Electrical shock may cause burns inside the body, so be sure the person is taken to a doctor.

How to develop Black and White film

2009-06-10T00:00:00.000-07:00

The River Nile

2009-06-08T23:28:00.000-07:00

The River Nile is the longest in the world, stretching for 4,187 miles. The Nile flows from south to north and is formed by three major tributaries: the White Nile, the Blue Nile and the Atbara.

The Blue Nile has its source in the highlands of the African country of Ethiopia, by Lake Tana. The runoff from spring rain and melting snow caused the annual summer flood of the Nile that the Egyptians depended on for water to irrigate their crops, and deposit fertile top soil.

Just north of Khartoum the combined White and Blue Nile meet their final major tributary, the Atbara which also has its source in the Ethiopian highlands.The Nile then plunges into a canyon. Before the construction of the Aswan High Dam; the Nile rolled through a series of six rapids, called cataracts, between northern Sudan and southern Egypt. Since construction of the dam, the river has gradually changed its course.

North of Cairo, the Nile splits into two branches (or distributaries), the Rosetta Branch to the west and the Damietta to the east. Lake Nasser is a man-made lake created by the construction of the Aswan High Dam, opened in 1971. The dam was built to regulate the flow of the River Nile , and thus benefit the region's inhabitants. However, technology often also disrupts a local ecosystem, the life and nature it affects.

The canyon that was once behind where the dam is now, was flooded after the dam was built. Before the region was flooded for the dam, some Ancient sites were carefully moved. Others were permanently covered and destroyed by the water. Lake Nasser stretches over a distance of 312 miles. Gone are the days when Egyptians worry that the Nile will flood too high, destroying their crops; or fall too low, not providing proper irrigation. To enjoy the benefits of a steady river flow, thousands of peoples homes were submerged when the dam went into operation and Lake Nasser was formed.

The Aswan High Dam has caused other changes. The water surface of the lake has reduced the average temperature in the region. The dam has also harnessed the water for the production of electricity and navigation has been improved.Furthermore, the Nile is no longer flowing strongly enough to keep salt water from the Mediterranean Sea from forcing its way up the Nile.In one generation, thousands of years of life along the River Nile have been permanently altered.

Motherboard

2009-06-01T02:11:00.000-07:00

The motherboard is the most essential component of the system unit's computing abilities. Coming in several designs and shapes, the most flexible and popular design is the ATX which can happily slot into desktop, full tower and mini-tower cases with excellent design for cooling, and input/output connections. Two other major designs, NLX and WTX are worth briefly noting. The NLX design has integrated Ethernet and known as being the easiest to service, making it very popular among technicians! WTX is a fairly new design (first released 1998) and is orientated towards mid-range workstations.

The basic components of a motherboard are as follows: the ROM BIOS (Basic Input/Output System), the processor or CPU, Floppy Disk and IDE or SCSI connectors (Hard Disk Drivers/CD Drives), slots for memory chips, slots for extra cards (e.g., video cards, internal modems, adapter cards), input/Output connectors for keyboard, mouse, monitor, printers, scanners, speakers etc. IDE or SCSI Data cables connect the motherboard to the disk drives. The entire board is etched, in a manner that many find aesthetically quite beautiful, for the transfer of electricity and data.

From turning on the power the supply provides electricity to the motherboard. The BIOS is loaded into the CPU which then searches for a disk operating system. If that loads correctly, the user can issue instructions through input devices connected to the motherboard and with results sent via the motherboard to output devices.

What is a healthy weight?

2009-05-29T01:35:00.000-07:00

Maintaining a healthy weight may reduce the risk of many chronic diseases. It may also help you move better and stay mentally sharp. If you are underweight, overweight, or obese, you are at risk for certain health problems. Ask your health care provider about a healthy weight for you. If you start to gain or lose weight and do not know why, your health care provider can tell you if this change is healthy for you.

Health Risks of Being Underweight

poor memory
decreased immunity
osteoporosis (bone loss)
decreased muscle strength
hypothermia (lowered body temperature)
constipation

Health Risks of Being Overweight or Obese

type 2 diabetes
high blood pressure
high blood cholesterol
coronary heart disease
stroke
some types of cancer
gallbladder disease

If you already have one or more of these conditions, ask your health care provider if a modest weight loss (5 to 10 percent of your body weight) could help you feel better or need less medicine.

If you need to lose weight, make sure that you reduce your total calories, but do not reduce your nutrient intake. Do not try to lose weight unless your health care provider tells you to.

Big Waves

2009-05-27T00:00:00.000-07:00

Great Wall of China

2009-05-25T00:00:00.000-07:00

The Great Wall of China is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in northern China, built, rebuilt, and maintained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire from Xiongnu attacks during various successive dynasties. Since the 5th century BC, several walls have been built that were referred to as the Great Wall. One of the most famous is the wall built between 220–206 BC by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang.

The Great Wall currently stretches over approximately 6,400 km from Shanhaiguan in the east to Lop Nur in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia, but stretches to over 6,700 km in total; a more recent archaeological survey using advanced technologies points out that the entire Great Wall, with all of its branches, stretches for 8,851.8 km.

At its peak, the Ming Wall was guarded by more than one million men. It has been estimated that somewhere in the range of 2 to 3 million Chinese died as part of the centuries-long project of building the wall.

Helicopter

2009-05-22T04:18:00.000-07:00

A helicopter is an aircraft that is lifted and propelled by one or more horizontal rotors, each rotor consisting of two or more rotor blades. Helicopters are classified as rotorcraft or rotary-wing aircraft to distinguish them from fixed-wing aircraft because the helicopter achieves lift with the rotor blades which rotate around a mast.

Basic anatomy of a Helicopter

Rotor System

The Main Rotor consists of three blades that are made of composite materials. They are easily attatched and removed for trailering or storage.

Cockpit

A cockpit or flight deck is the area, usually near the front of an aircraft, from which a pilot controls the aircraft. Most modern cockpits are enclosed, except on some small aircraft, and cockpits on large airliners are also physically separated from the cabin.

Cabin

The cabin of the helicopter accomodates two crew members comfortably. The width of the cabin at shoulder level is 1200 mm. The large windows provide excellent visability in all directions. Perforated leather seating is standard equipment. No t-bar here! Dual cyclic controls provide the ultimate feel and control.

Tail Rotor

A small rotor at the back of rotorcraft.It blows air sideways to keep the rotorcraft from spinning.It is also used to turn the rotorcraft.

Healthy Snacks

2009-05-20T04:40:00.000-07:00

Almond

Almond milk is a milky drink made from ground almonds. Unlike animal milk, almond milk contains no cholesterol or lactose and can be used as a substitute for animal milk in many recipes. Almond milk is also completely vegan. Commercial almond milk products come in plain, vanilla, or chocolate flavors. They are often enriched with vitamins. It can also be made at home by combining ground almonds with water in a blender. Vanilla flavoring and sweeteners are often added. However, users should be cautious not to use bitter almonds, since the combination of bitter almonds and water releases cyanide.For the weight conscious, unsweetened almond milk is lower in calories than cow's milk or soy milk.

Dried fruit

Dried fruit is fruit that has been dried, either naturally or through use of a machine, such as a food dehydrator. Raisins, prunes, and dates are examples of popular dried fruits. Other fruits such as apples, apricots, bananas, cherries, cranberries, figs, kiwi, mangoes, pawpaw, peaches, pears, persimmons, pineapples, strawberries, and tomatoes may also be dried. In addition to dried whole fruits, fruit puree can be dried in sheets to make fruit leather.Drying preserves fruit, even in the absence of refrigeration, and significantly lengthens its shelf life. When fresh fruit is unavailable, impractical, or out of season, dried fruit can provide an alternative. It is often added to baking mixes and breakfast cereals.

Dried Peas

A pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the legume Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas. Although it is botanically a fruit,it is treated as a vegetable in cooking. The name is also used to describe other edible seeds from the Fabaceae such as the pigeon pea, the cowpea, and the seeds from several species of Lathyrus.The wild pea is restricted to the Mediterranean basin and the Near East. The earliest archaeological finds of peas come from Neolithic Syria, Turkey and Jordan. In Egypt, early finds come from c. 4800–4400 BC in the delta area, and from c. 3800–3600 BC in Upper Egypt. The pea was also present in 5th millennium BC Georgia. Further east, the finds are younger. Pea remains were retrieved from Afghanistan c. 2000 BC. They were present in 2250–1750 BC Harappa Pakistan and north-west India, from the older phases of this culture onward. In the second half of the 2nd millennium BC this pulse crop appears in the Gangetic basin and southern India.

Top 5 Beaches

2009-05-17T22:34:00.000-07:00

Cox's Bazar: Bangladesh

Cox's Bazar is a town, a fishing port and district headquarter in Bangladesh. It is known for its wide sandy beach which is claimed to be the world's longest natural sandy sea beach.

It is an unbroken 125 km sandy sea beach with a gentle slope. Since the rise and fall of the tide here is not great, it is a good place for sea bathing. It is located 150 km south of Chittagong. Cox’s Bazar is also known by the name "Panowa", the literal translation of which means "yellow flower". Its other old name was "Palongkee". The modern Cox's Bazar derives its name from Captain Cox , an officer serving in British India. In the 18th century, an officer of British East India Company, Captain Hiram Cox was appointed as the Superintendent of Palongkee outpost after Warren Hastings became the Governor of Bengal.

Big Sur Beach: California, USA

Big Sur is a sparsely populated region of the central California coast where the Santa Lucia Mountains rise abruptly from the Pacific Ocean. The name "Big Sur" is derived from the original Spanish-language "el sur grande", meaning "the big south", or from "el país grande del sur", "the big country of the south". The terrain offers stunning views, making Big Sur a popular tourist destination. Big Sur's Cone Peak is the highest coastal mountain in the contiguous 48 states, ascending nearly a mile (5,155 feet/1.6 km) above sea level, only three miles (4.8 km) from the ocean.

Big Sur has no specific boundaries, many definitions of the area include the 90 miles of coastline between the Carmel River and San Carpoforo Creek, and extend about 20 miles inland to the eastern foothills of the Santa Lucias. Other sources limit the eastern border to the coastal flanks of these mountains, only three to 12 miles inland.

Pink Sand Beach: Bahamas

Harbour Island is an island and administrative district in the Bahamas. Harbour Island is set off the north east coast of Eleuthera Island. The only town on the island is Dunmore Town, named after the former Governor of the Bahamas, the Earl of Dunmore (1786-1798), who had a summer residence on Harbour Island.

Harbour Island is famous for its pink sand beaches which are found all along the east side of the island. The island is accessible by plane through North Eleuthera Airport, followed by a short water taxi ride from neighbouring North Eleuthera. Harbour Island is a popular holiday destination for Americans. Known as Briland to the locals, Harbour Island is colourful with New England-style buildings and flower lined streets. Harbour Island is part of the Out Islands of the Bahamas.

Paracas Beach: Peru

One country worth visiting is Peru because it offers lots of scenic views. One of which is the Paracas Beach. On the beach, you'll have a chance to encounter pelicans who roam along the beach.

Paracas Beach belongs to the desert peninsula Paracas on the south coast of Peru. Most of the Peninsula is part of the Paracas National Reservation.

Boracay Beach: Philippines

You will surely enjoy your stay on this island paradise. Boracay Beach is one of the country's most popular tourist destinations. It is approximately 300 km south of Manila.

Boracay is regarded as "the finest beach of all Asia". Likewise, popularly known as, "the number one tropical beach in the world". Everyone will surely enjoy swimming and sunbathing on its 4 kilometer "white sand beach". You will definitely like this island paradise. This place is also ideal for scuba diving and snorkeling. You can enjoy banana boat riding among many other things.

Longest bus in the world

2009-05-13T00:00:00.000-07:00

The world’s longest bus has been presented Shanghai's Busworld Asia 2007, it works only in cities without corners or the other way would be to drive from one block to another without turning.The price? USD250,000 and this is not cheap at all, considering the fact that it is a China made bus.This 83 foot (25 meter) long bus has a capacity of 300 passengers and 40 seats, is divided into 3 compartments, due to this its speed limit is up to 51mph max (82 km/h), probably to avoid any unwanted incident.

But then with that kind of speed this bus would cause traffic jam that might clog up the city, one of the reason being that it is almost impossible to over take the bus.The world’s longest bus will be primarily used for traveling between in Beijing and Hangzhou.This attractive bus does come at a high price - between $155,000 to $250,000

The Best Guinness World Records

2009-05-11T01:43:00.000-07:00

December 26, 2004

2009-05-06T00:00:00.000-07:00

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on December 26, 2004, with an epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. It is known by the scientific community as the Great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, and the following tsunami is known as the Asian Tsunami or the Boxing Day Tsunami.

The earthquake was caused by subduction and triggered a series of devastating tsunami along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing more than 225,000 people in eleven countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 meters (100 feet) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand were hardest hit.

Audi R8

2009-04-29T00:00:00.000-07:00

The Audi R8 is a sports-prototype race car introduced in 2000 for sports car racing as a redevelopment of their Audi R8R (open top LMP) and Audi R8C (closed top LMGTP) used in 1999. It is one of the most successful sports cars ever (alongside such greats as the Porsche 956/962) having won the prestigious 24 Hours of Le Mans in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2005 (five of the seven years it competed). A streak of six straight Le Mans victories was broken-up only by the Bentley Speed 8 (powered by the same V8 twin-turbo engine) in 2003, when the R8 finished 3rd.

The petrol-powered Audi R8 race car was replaced by the new Audi R10 TDI Diesel in 2006; however, the need to further develop the R10 meant that the R8 saw action in a few races leading up to Le Mans.

The Moon

2009-04-27T00:00:00.000-07:00

The Moon, of course, has been known since prehistoric times. It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun. As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month, the angle between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun changes; we see this as the cycle of the Moon's phases. The time between successive new moons is 29.5 days (709 hours), slightly different from the Moon's orbital period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time.

The Moon was first visited by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 2 in 1959. It is the only extraterrestrial body to have been visited by humans.

The first landing was on July 20, 1969 the last was in December 1972. The Moon is also the only body from which samples have been returned to Earth. In the summer of 1994, the Moon was very extensively mapped by the little spacecraft Clementine and again in 1999 by Lunar Prospector.

The gravitational forces between the Earth and the Moon cause some interesting effects. The most obvious is the tides. The Moon's gravitational attraction is stronger on the side of the Earth nearest to the Moon and weaker on the opposite side. Since the Earth, and particularly the oceans, is not perfectly rigid it is stretched out along the line toward the Moon. From our perspective on the Earth's surface we see two small bulges, one in the direction of the Moon and one directly opposite. The effect is much stronger in the ocean water than in the solid crust so the water bulges are higher.

Home Design

2009-04-22T00:00:00.000-07:00

At Look4Design you can easily navigate to view a wide variety of exhibitors in the area of home and interior design.The products are shown using a unique technology which makes them easy to view.The products are shown using a unique technology which makes them easy to view.

You must first decide what type of home to build. House styles today are as varied as those who live in them, offering you a banquet of ideas from which to borrow.

When creating a list of criteria for your home design, start with the basics: the number of bedrooms,the number of family areas, the choice between a formal dining room or a more open, community eating area, porch or deck styles for your home’s entrances and the size of your garage.

Tallest Church in the world

2009-04-20T00:00:00.000-07:00

Ulm Cathedral (German: Ulmer Münster, literally: minster) is a Lutheran church, the tallest church in the world, with a steeple measuring 161.53 m (530 ft) and containing 768 steps. Located in Ulm, Germany, the church is not a cathedral in the technical ecclesiastical sense, as it has never been the seat of a bishop

Today this giant Gothic church measures an astounding 464 ft long and is 159 feet wide. The massive interior has the capacity to hold 30,000 people.

This great work of architecture also houses important pieces of art. The 15th century choir stalls by Jörg Syrlin the Elder enjoy world-wide acclaim, in particular the carved busts which have gone down as masterpieces in the history of art.

James Bond

2009-04-18T00:00:00.000-07:00

Barry Nelson, the very first actor to portray Ian Fleming's super spy James Bond on screen has passed away at the age of 89 according to a recent report in Variety. For years, if I wanted to wow someone with some trivia about a little known actor who played James Bond I'd whip a little info about George Lazenby on them.

James David Graham Niven was born on the 1st of March, 1910 in London, England. After attending a highly awarded British Independent School, Niven joined the Royal Army in hopes of glory and the service of his country. Though he did not particular enjoy his time on the Royal Army, he did manage to keep up his appearance, branding the name the "Officer and Gentleman"

Actor George Lazenby was the second James Bond and starred in only one film, "On Her Majesty's Secret Service" in 1969.

The 3rd James Bond film, following 1963's From Russia With Love.
Starring Sean Connery as James Bond, Honor Blackman as Pussy Galore, Shirley Eaton as Jill Masterson (the girl who is painted gold), Gert Frobe as the villain, Auric Goldfinger, and Harold Sakata as the henchman Oddjob. Directed by Guy Hamilton.

Pierce Brendan Brosnan OBE (born May 16, 1953) is an Irish actor and producer, who currently has United States citizenship. He is best known for portraying James Bond in four films: GoldenEye, Tomorrow Never Dies, The World Is Not Enough, and Die Another Day.

Three MI6 agents have died - in New Orleans, on the island of San Monique and in Harlem, New York. M dispatches 007 to investigate. Bond's arrival in Harlem is predicted by a medium named Solitaire, and he is immediately a marked man.

Timothy Dalton's James Bond was a major departure from Roger Moore's. Dalton went back to the Fleming source novels for his inspiration. His Bond was dark, moody, flinty and focused on the job at hand, a job that he sometimes found distasteful.

Daniel Craig is the sixth actor to portray James Bond, staring with Casino Royale and is slated to star as James Bond until 2012. Many people didn't agree with the producers choice that Craig was going to be Bond.

World Tallest Woman

2009-04-17T00:00:00.000-07:00

Thirty-four-year-old Yao Defen is known as Asia's tallest woman. At 7 feet 7 inches, 396 pounds, and a shoe size (EUR) of 78, Yao attracts a lot of attention. This "woman giant" makes her living as a circus performer.

Longest Bridge In World

2009-04-16T00:00:00.001-07:00

The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, or the Causeway, consists of two parallel bridges that are the longest bridges in the world by total length. These parallel bridges cross Lake Pontchartrain in southern Louisiana. The longer of the two bridges is 23.87 miles (38.42 km) long. The bridges are supported by over 9,000 concrete 8 miles (13 kms) south of the north shore. The southern terminus of the Causeway is in Metairie, Louisiana, a suburb of New Orleans. The northern terminus is at Mandeville, Louisiana.

Donghai Bridge ("Eastern Sea Great Bridge") is the longest cross-sea bridge in the world and the longest bridge in Asia. Having completed on December 10, 2005. And has a total length for the 32.5 kilometers and connects Shanghai and external yangshan deep-water port in China. Over the bridge is a bridge to a low level. There is also a cable-stayed doors to allow passage of large ships, with a greater extent than 420 m.

Based on the agreement signed on July 8, 1981 led to construction beginning next year. And placed the cornerstone of the November 11, 1982 by King Fahd of Saudi Arabia, Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa of Bahrain; construction continued until 1986, when a combination of several bridges and dams have been completed. Officially opened the way for the use of November 25, 1986.

The Chesapeake Bay Bridge known as the Gulf Bridge is a major bridge over the double in the U.S. state of Maryland, along the Chesapeake Bay, it links between the state and the east and west coast regions. At 4.3 miles (7 km) in length, may extend the original in the world over the longest continuous steel structures in the water when it opened in in 1952. Bridge officially name William Preston hot, warm, Jr. Memorial Bridge after William Preston, son, Governor of the State of Maryland, carried out construction.

The bridge Vasco da Gama is a cable-stayed bridges, roads and bridges surrounded by the river extends to the Crown River near the Portuguese capital of Lisbon.with a total length of 17.2 kilometers , including 0.829 kilometres of the main bridge, 11.5 kilometers The bridges, and 4.8 kilometers of dedicated access routes. Its purpose is to alleviate congestion on the bridge to the other Lisbon,and previously to join the radiation from the highways is not relevant to Lisbon.

International Tech Park Bangalore

2009-04-15T21:58:00.000-07:00

International Tech Park Bangalore or simply ITPB[1], developed and managed by Ascendas[2] is India’s first hi-tech park of its kind designed to provide a complete ‘work & play’ environment for IT and technology-related businesses. It is unique in its 'work and play' concept offering high-quality infrastructure combined with extensive amenities and recreational facilities/activities.

ITPB has a built-up area of over 2,000,000 sq ft (190,000 m2) with more than 145 companies and over 20,000 people comprise the community working out of ITPB. There are 6 buildings, named Discoverer, Inventor,Explorer,Navigator,Creator, Pioneer. In addition to this, ITPB also boasts of its own 5-star Hotel 'Vivanta By Taj' which is operated by Asia's Leading Luxury Hotel chain, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces.

The Worlds Largest Black Diamond

2009-04-13T21:56:00.000-07:00

The Spirit of de Grisogono is the worlds largest cut black diamond and the fifth largest diamond in the world. The diamond had a rough weight of 587 carats and was mined some time ago in western Africa before being brought to Switzerland where it was cut using the traditional Mogul diamond cutting technique. De Grisogono then set the cut diamond (312.24 carats) into a white gold setting encrusted with 702 white diamonds (36.69 carats).

The Biggest Dog of the World

2009-04-10T06:14:00.000-07:00

2009-04-10T00:33:00.000-07:00

Difficult-to-Pronounce Scientific Names of Plants

1. clematis: CLE-muh-tuhs or cle-MA-tuhs
2. Peony: PE-uh-ne or pe-O-ne
3. Cotoneaster: cuh-TO-ne-AS-tuhr (although even my dictionary gives some legitimacy to the mispronunciation, CAWT-tuhn-ES-tuhr)
4. Poinsettia: poyn-SEH-tuh or poyn-SEH-te-uh (Although we constantly hear the incorrect poynt-SEH-tuh.)
5. Chamomile: KAM-uh-mil or KAM-uh-mel
6. achillea: A-kuh-LE-a or a-KIH-le-uh
7. lamium: LAY-me-uhm
8. Lupine: LU-puhn (Although there is a word with the exact same spelling, pronounced LU-pin, which means "pertaining to a wolf"; go figure!)
9. Forsythia: fohr-SIH-the-a (The plant is not "for Cynthia" -- it's for all of us!)
10. Kalanchoe: My favorite, with its 4 pronunciations, all of which are correct--
o KA-luhn-KO-e
o kuh-LANG-ko-e
o KAL-uhn-cho
o kuh-LAN-cho

2009-04-03T05:09:00.000-07:00

How Swimming is Good For Health

Exercise appears to be capable of exerting a positive effect on bone mass, but how exercise can be used to best advantage in the prevention and therapy of osteopenia is unclear. Weight-bearing activity has been commonly considered to be essential for the beneficial effects of exercise on the skeleton, and, therefore, swimming has been considered valueless in the maintenance of bone mass. To examine this issue we measured radial and vertebral bone mineral density in a group of subjects aged 40 to 85 years who had been swimming regularly for at least 3 years as well as in a similar group of nonexercising control subjects. The swimmers engaged in no other forms of regular exercise, and no subject had other conditions known to affect bone or mineral metabolism. Dietary calcium and protein intakes were similar in the two groups. At both radial (0.84 +/- 0.08 vs 0.81 +/- 0.09 g/cm2) and vertebral (123 +/- 27 vs 108 +/- 31 mg/cm3) sites the male swimmers had significantly greater bone mineral density than did the nonexercisers. In women, however, no relationship of swimming to bone mineral density could be identified. These results suggest that swimming exercise may be beneficial in the prevention or therapy of osteopenia and that its usefulness in this regard should be further investigated.

2009-03-27T05:51:00.000-07:00

Flower Blooming-Rose

2009-03-20T03:50:00.000-07:00

Disturbed Lands

Much of the history of the park and the surrounding area is related in some way to mining and the westward expansion that it instigated. Although “Gold Fever” was the most common reason for staking a mine claim in this area, silver, copper, and other minerals were also prospected. The National Park Service has estimated that Joshua Tree contains about 300 abandoned mine sites, each typically including a shaft, an adit (or tunnel), a small waste-rock pile, a can dump, and perhaps the outline of rocks where a miner once pitched a tent.

Approximately 120 abandoned mine sites in Joshua Tree have a substantial opening and may represent a safety hazard. Twenty-one are old “mill sites” where gold was extracted from ore, leaving historic remains, but also potentially hazardous waste. Park visitors who come upon these sites, and certainly those who enter the shafts, tunnels, and structures, are at risk.

The park would like to reduce the hazards presented by abandoned mine sites as well as restore to a more natural condition the large areas of disturbance created by the 28 gravel pits documented in the park. However, there are a number of different values, not to mention pieces of legislation, that must be considered before action can be taken. Some mine sites are historic and protected under the National Historic Preservation Act. Mine sites sometimes provide habitat for bats, some protected under the Endangered Species Act. Many mine sites constitute “a permanent installation” within Congressionally Designated Wilderness in contradiction to the Wilderness Act.

The park has extensively evaluated 36 mine sites for treatment, calling on experts from each area of concern to help decide how each site should be treated. Of those, only two have been erased by cleaning up the area, plugging the shaft with polyurethane foam, covering the site with dirt and re-vegetating the area with native plants. Three others were left with the outward remains of the mining activity intact but made safer by the installation of a polyurethane foam plug deep enough to preserve the appearance of the shaft, but without the danger of a 100-foot hole. One mine was found to be habitat for an established bat colony, so a gate that allows bats entry, but poses a safety barrier to people, was installed.

Park staff will evaluate approximately 30 mine sites per year for the next four years, balancing safety, cultural, and natural values with applicable legislation.

2009-03-03T21:35:00.000-08:00

Plastics and the Microwave

Stories about the dangers of chemicals leaching from plastic into microwaved food have circulated on the Internet for years. As a result, the Food and Drug Administration continues to receive inquiries from concerned consumers.

Consumers can be confident as they heat holiday meals or leftovers in the microwave that the FDA carefully reviews the substances used to make plastics designed for food use. These include microwave-safe plastic coverings that keep food from splattering and microwave-safe containers that hold frozen dinners. Even microwavable popcorn bags, which look like paper, actually contain a metalized plastic film that allows them to reach high temperatures so the corn can fully pop.

Under the food additive provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, new substances used to make plastics for food use are classified as "food contact substances." They must be found safe for their intended use before they can be marketed.

"It's true that substances used to make plastics can leach into food," says Edward Machuga, Ph.D., a consumer safety officer in the FDA's Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. "But as part of the approval process, the FDA considers the amount of a substance expected to migrate into food and the toxicological concerns about the particular chemical." The agency has assessed migration levels of substances added to regulated plastics and has found the levels to be well within the margin of safety based on information available to the agency. The FDA will revisit its safety evaluation if new scientific information raises concerns.

One chemical called diethylhexyl adipate (DEHA) has received a lot of media attention. DEHA is a plasticizer, a substance added to some plastics to make them flexible. DEHA exposure may occur when eating certain foods wrapped in plastics, especially fatty foods such as meat and cheese. But the levels are very low. The levels of the plasticizer that might be consumed as a result of plastic film use are well below the levels showing no toxic effect in animal studies.

Other claims have asserted that plastics contain dioxins, a group of contaminants labeled as a "likely human carcinogen" by the Environmental Protection Agency. "The FDA has seen no evidence that plastic containers or films contain dioxins and knows of no reason why they would," Machuga says.

Machuga says that consumers should be sure to use any plastics for their intended purpose and in accordance with directions. If you don't find instructions for microwave use, you should use a different plate or container that you know is microwave-safe. Such containers are made to withstand high temperatures.

For example, carryout containers from restaurants and margarine tubs should not be used in the microwave, according to the American Plastics Council. Inappropriate containers may melt or warp, which can increase the likelihood of spills and burns. Also, discard containers that hold prepared microwavable meals after you use them because they are meant for one-time use.

Microwave-safe plastic wrap should be placed loosely over food so that steam can escape, and should not directly touch your food. "Some plastic wraps have labels indicating that there should be a one-inch or greater space between the plastic and the food during microwave heating," Machuga says.

Always read directions, but generally, microwave-safe plastic wraps, wax paper, cooking bags, parchment paper, and white microwave-safe paper towels are safe to use. Covering food helps protect against contamination, keeps moisture in, and allows food to cook evenly. Never use plastic storage bags, grocery bags, newspapers, or aluminum foil in the microwave.

2009-02-17T23:05:00.000-08:00

Bondi Beach

Bondi Beach, Australia’s most famous beach, is located in the suburb of Bondi, in the Municipality of Waverley, seven kilometres from the centre of Sydney. Bondi is believed to be an Aboriginal word meaning the sound of breaking waves. There are Aboriginal Rock carvings on the northern end of the beach at Ben Buckler and south of Bondi Beach near McKenzies Beach on the coastal walk.

* Bondi Beach is approximately one kilometre long. The width of Bondi Beach averages 50m at the north end, widening out to 100m at the south end. It is the widest beach in the Sydney region.
* The average water temperature at Bondi Beach in summer is 21 degrees. The average water temperature in September/October is 16 degrees.
* A shark net is laid about 150m off the beach, set in 8m of water. (There has been no shark fatality since 1937).
* At the southern end of the beach is the Bondi Baths, which are over 100 years old and have been used by the famous Bondi Icebergs for many years. At the northern end of the beach there is the Children’s Wading Pool and the Wally Weekes Pool.
* Swimming areas are designated by red and yellow flags, which are moved according to surf conditions. The northern end and the centre of the beach is usually the safest for swimming. The south end of the beach is available for board riders who are not permitted to go into the areas set aside for swimmers.

2009-01-24T02:21:00.000-08:00

Come and watch Bald Eagles in the wild

Missouri's winter eagle watching is spectacular, and we hope you'll join us at any of the following locations to view our national symbol in the wild. If you can't make it to an Eagle Days event, look for eagles in the wild at one of the locations listed below. From late December through early February, watch for eagles perched in large trees along the water's edge. View early in the morning to see the eagles flying and fishing.

2008-12-16T21:30:00.000-08:00

Arts festival

An arts festival or art fair is a festival that focuses on the visual arts, but which may also center on other arts.

Arts festivals in the visual arts are exhibitions. Artists' participation in the most significant such exhibitions (such as the Venice Biennale) are by invite, and these exhibitions are organised by internationally documented curators chosen by a committee of peers. These international exhibitions must be illustrious from art fairs, market-oriented gatherings of art dealers and their wares, which have recently emerged as among the most significant art-world venues for modern art in the present-day super-heated art market.

2008-12-16T03:47:00.000-08:00

Arizona Elk

Elk have distinct summer and winter coats, which they shed in late summer and spring, respectively. In winter; the head, belly, neck and legs are dark brown; the sides and back are grayish brown; and the rump patch is yellowish bordered by a dark brownish stripe. While the female is usually somewhat lighter, both sexes have heavy dark manes. In summer, the coat becomes a deep reddish brown. There is little to no undercoat, giving the animals a sleek, muscular appearance.

Calves are born from late May to early June after an 8 to 8 and a half month gestation. Twins are extremely rare. Calves average nearly 30 lbs. with males averaging 4 lbs. more than females. The calf is dark russet colored with white spots on the back and sides.

2008-11-25T02:58:00.000-08:00

Festival

A festival is an event, usually and ordinarily staged by a local community, which centers on some single aspect of that community.

Among many religions, a feast or festival is a place of celebrations in honour of God or gods. A feast and a festival are in the past interchangeable. However, the term "feast" has also entered common worldly parlance as a synonym for any large or complicated meal. When used as in the sense of a festival, most often refers to a spiritual festival rather than a film or art festival.

In the Christian liturgical calendar there are two principal feasts, correctly known as the Feast of the Nativity of our Lord (Christmas) and the Feast of the Resurrection, (Easter). In the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Anglican liturgical calendars there are a huge number of smaller feasts throughout the year commemorating saints, sacred events, doctrines, etc.

2008-11-07T03:49:00.000-08:00

Laurel Falls

Laurel Falls is one of the most popular destinations in the park and parking at the trailhead is limited. The area is especially busy on weekends year-round and on weekdays during summer. Laurel Branch and the 80-foot high Laurel Falls are named for mountain laurel, an evergreen shrub which blooms along the trail and near the falls in May.

The trail is 2.6 miles roundtrip and considered moderate in difficulty. The trail is paved and is suitable for strollers.

2008-10-24T05:40:00.000-07:00

Dreaming Festival, Woodford

The Dreaming is a vibrant, exciting and a valuable destination where local, national and international audiences look forward to their annual ceremony time along with the most comprehensive showcase of Indigenous arts from across the country and around the world. This three day and four night festival will have performing arts venues, bars, Ceremony grounds, traditional healing, galleries, rituals, campfire story circles and a mass of stalls, workshop avenue and food outlets. Presented by the Queensland Folk Federation, the program features film and literature components, performing arts, new media and digital technologies, food and wine fare, comedy, ceremony, exhibitions, performance artists, physical theatre, visual arts, craft workshops, music program, street performers, musicals and a youth program.

2008-10-17T04:01:00.000-07:00

ETTUMANOOR FESTIVAL

Ettumanoor is located 12 Kms north-east of Kottayam town. The ancient Siva temple here has brought glory and fame to the place. Myths have it that the Pandavas and the sage Vyasa had worshipped at this temple. The name of the place had its origin from the word 'manoor', which means the home of deer.The arattu festival of this temple is celebrated on a grand scale on the Thiruvathira day in Kumbham (February-March) every year. Large number of people flock to this temple on the 8th and 10th day of the festival when seven and half elephants made of gold (nearly 13 Kgms) will be held in public view. The temple, the wealthiest Devaswom in Kerala, has many valuable possessions.

2008-10-10T03:40:00.000-07:00

Kanniga Parameswari Temple

This temple, dedicated to the godess Shakti is unique as it seems to be strongly influenced by the French architectural style. Located on M.G.Road, it has an unusual blend of both Tamil and French architecture. With its arched walls, ionic columns, stained glass windows and even some angel decorations, it is reminiscent of a French building. However, the inner ceiling supported by the more traditional granite pillars and the sanctum sanctoram, which has a typical Tamil design, highlights the more traditional Tamil features.

2008-09-26T06:05:00.000-07:00

Types of Perfumes and Fragrance Categories

Perfume has always been a essential part of human culture: people have perfumed their hair and bodies with oils, resins, flower and herb extracts and animal scents since earliest history. Wearing scent is enjoyable; it is an expression of individuality; it attracts mates and makes us nice to be close to. Perfumes are more for the wearer: they make us feel wonderful.

Fragrances are classed—and priced—by their alcohol content, with the least expensive being eau de toilettes and eau de colognes containing among 3% and 8% fragrance with the other 92-97% of the content being made up of alcohol, water and color. Eau de parfum contains real perfume oils of 8-15%. You pay more for perfume because it is stronger at request and lasts longer than eau de toilette. Perfume (or “parfum”) contains somewhere between 15% and 30% of perfume oils and lasts longer than other scent types—classically around six hours. Always try to take a sample of perfume home to try for a week or two and make sure it is the correct fragrance and strength for you before buying.

2008-09-10T04:52:00.001-07:00

Sapphire Stones

Sapphire refers to gem varieties of the stone corundum, an aluminium oxide (Al2O3), when it is a color other than red. Sapphire can be found unsurprisingly or manufactured in large crystal boules. Because of its amazing hardness sapphire is used in many applications, including infrared optical components, watch crystals, high-durability windows, and wafers for the deposition of semiconductors, such as GaN nanorods.

The mineral corundum consists of clean aluminium oxide. Trace amounts of other elements such as iron, titanium and chromium provide corundum their blue, yellow, pink, purple, orange or greenish color. Sapphire includes any gemstone quality varieties of the mineral corundum apart from fully saturated red variety, which is instead known as ruby, and the pinkish-orange variety known as padparadscha.

2008-08-05T05:24:00.000-07:00

Malaria

Malaria is a vector-borne contagious disease caused by protozoan parasites. It is well-known in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa. Every year, there are approximately 515 million cases of malaria, killing between one and three million people, the majority of whom are young children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria is generally related with poverty, but is also a cause of poverty and a major hindrance to economic development.

Malaria is one of the most common contagious diseases and an enormous public health problem. And it is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. Only four types of the plasmodium parasite can transmit a disease to humans; the most serious forms of the disease are caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, but other related species (Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae) can also affect humans. This group of human-pathogenic Plasmodium class is generally referred to as malaria parasites.

2008-07-18T06:02:00.000-07:00

Medical genetics
Medical genetics involves the analysis and perceptive of human genetic diseases and syndromes. Physicians trained as geneticists are involved in diagnosing the presence of genetic disorders, as well as providing hereditary counseling to people carrying deleterious mutations. Researchers working in medical genetics seek to recognize the hereditary component of human diseases by finding and studying the involved genes and mutations.

2008-06-20T22:33:00.000-07:00

Fruits

The name fruit has many different meanings depending on context. In botany, a fruit is the mature ovary—together with seeds— of a flowering plant. In many species, the fruit incorporates the ripened ovary and the nearby tissues. Fruits are the means by which flowering plants spread seeds.

In cooking, when food items are called "fruit", the term is most often used for those plant fruits that are edible and sweet and fleshy, examples of which include plums, apples and oranges. But in cuisine, the word fruit may also rarely be loosely applied to other parts of a plant, such as the stems of rhubarb, which are made into sweet pies, but which are not botanically a fruit at all.

2008-05-28T00:38:00.000-07:00

Pollution Control's design and manufacturing group delivered these four different sized burn-ovens, each with widespread custom options, counting dual-fuel capability, in just 6 weeks. Jerry Simpson, the company's president, credits quick delivery time to combined employee manufacturing familiarity totaling over 300 years.

In an effort to improve employee protection, the client company began a vigorous program to replace their present cleaning technologies, which employed hazardous materials, with a safer, pollution-free cleaning method. Their investigate ended with Pollution Control Products Co. after an Wide Security Analysis of ovens and operating measures.

2008-05-15T21:22:00.000-07:00

Shopping in India

India is a well known place for its arts and crafts. The arts and crafts have been perfected in India over the centuries. Traditions ,arts and techniques have been passed on from generation to generation making the techniques almost perfect. Each and every region, state, city and town in India has its own skills and their own style.
Shopping in India is a very good experience. Most of the items of India are appreciated throughout the world. Some of them are silks, spices, jewelry, handicrafts, silverware, antiques, carpets, leatherwork and so on. You can easily bargain and also we can get the products in reasonable price in India.Now we will provide a quick look into the main Indian shopping attractions and the famous shopping centers in India. Fabrics is another important thing in India.India is famous for many thing especially for its fabrics. The most popular Indian fabrics are silks, cottons, and wools etc.. The most famous places for silk in India is Varanasi, Kanchipuram, Murshidabad, Patna and Surat., The best place for the cotton is Rajasthan, especially cotton with the ‘tie and dye’ in bright colors and also popular is the Chennai, Chennai cotton known for its special ‘bleeding’ effect after a few washes. For wollens products,especially for the shawls, Kashmir is the perfect place.

2008-05-07T01:07:00.000-07:00

Achene

An achene is a kind of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are "monocarpellate" (shaped from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes have a single seed that almost fills the pericarp, however does not adhere to it. In many species, what we think of as the "seed" is really an achene, a fruit containing the seed.

2008-04-30T05:02:00.000-07:00

Vitamin K and bone health

Vitamin K supplements get better bone health and lessen risk of bone fractures, mainly in postmenopausal women who are at risk for osteoporosis. Three vitamin-K proteins have been isolated in bone. Higher vitamin K levels match to greater bone density, while low levels of vitamin K have been found in those with osteoporosis. In bones, vitamin K mediates the gamma-carboxylation of glutamyl residues on few bone proteins, particularly osteocalcin. Osteocalcin is a protein synthesized by osteoblasts (bone forming cells). The mineral-binding capability of osteocalcin requires vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of three glutamic acid residues.

2008-04-22T23:55:00.000-07:00

Rice Bran

Rice Bran has a broad range of health benefits. It contains over 70 anti-oxidants that keep against cellular damage. It improves the energy of internal organs such as the thymus, spleen, adrenals, and thyroid. It lowers high blood-sugar levels, boosts respiratory function, reduces cholesterol and triglycerides, and helps detoxify the body. It is the only food that includes meaningful amounts of Gamma-Oryzanol - a great anti-oxidant that helps exchange fat to muscle. Rice bran is as well an important source of lecithin, a substance required for appropriate brain function.

2008-04-16T02:41:00.001-07:00

The real importance of taking a multi-vitamin

Nutritional professionals, medical doctors, and scientists agree that taking an each day multi-vitamin supplement can be cheap and valuable way to safeguard your health. World Image Naturals believes that the purity and efficiency of multi-vitamins is evenly important. An inadequately formulated multi-vitamin may give a false sense of security and, more prominently, lead to unwanted health problems. The quantity and quality of life that one enjoys is straightforwardly related to the daily intake of nutrients. WIN-Daily will give your body with the much-needed nutrients to enhance and guard your health.

2008-04-08T23:59:00.000-07:00

Vitamin C and Fertility

Consistent with a study conducted at the University of Texas Medical School at Galveston, inadequate amounts of vitamin C in a man’s diet can lead to agglutination of sperm. Agglutination happens when sperm cells clump together, thus inhibiting maximal progression or movement of the sperm. In accordance with Dr. Earl Dawson M.D., Ph.D., associate professor at the U of Texas at Galveston, vitamin C is as well helpful in smokers who have increased amounts of unusually formed sperm. Cigarette smoke is absorbed through the lungs and enters the circulatory system (bloodstream). Once the toxins reach the bloodstream they locate their way to the semen and this can lead to less than optimal sperm count and function. It is believed that vitamin C helps to defuse the toxic effects of cigarette smoke on the sperm. When sperm stick jointly (a condition called agglutination), fertility is reduced. Vitamin C reduces sperm agglutination, raising the fertility of men with this condition. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin C is 60 milligams per day used for an adult male. According to Dr. Dawson intake of 200 to 1000 milligrams per day had a valuable effect on sperm.

Women should keep away from megadoses of vitamin C because it can dry up cervical fluid, preventing sperm from reaching the egg. Limit the amount you take to the dose had in your prenatal vitamin.

2008-04-02T02:46:00.000-07:00

Eye Makeup

For daytime and school, try to be your eye makeup as natural looking as possible. That means make use of neutral tones. Too much eye makeup can create you look a lot older. Make use of a light color to cover your eyelid and eye socket. After that, take a slightly darker shade and shadow in above your eye crease and down to the top of your eyelid. If you like highlighter, make use of it on your brow bone and put it on last. Use eyeliner to outline the eye as near to the lashes as possible. Some people appear good with liner on the bottom of the eye, and few don't. You will have to see what looks great on you, try one lining style on one eye, an additional on the other, and see which looks better on you. If you like mascara, apply a coat or two to the upper lashes and a bit on the lower.

2008-03-25T23:36:00.001-07:00

Belly dancer lyrics from Akon

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Bananza (hey girl)
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Yo, excuse me, beg your pardon girl
Do you have any idea what you starting girl
You got me tingiling, come to me mingiling
Steppin off lookin bootylicious and jingiling
When you walk, I see you baby girl
When you talk, I believe it baby girl
I like that, thick-petite n' pretty
Little touch is a ditty
Love to work the kitty like purrrrrrr
She loves to stirr it up purrrrrr
I can hear her purring up
Cause shes the type that'll get arousy of
Get you excited and call her boyfriend up (ohh)
What's the man without the plan B
We can meet up at the hutter house for the tiki
So stand by like a butty pass
While I watch this beautiful thing shake that ass

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Girl I must say you the flyest thang in here
So hot I gon' need some rain in here
Type to make ex-gangstas bang in here
Girl you could do anything you want in here
Clown if you want to, frown if you want to
You ain't even gotta drop down if you want to
Cause I'd rather see you shake it standin
Either way you do it girl you look outstandin (uhhuuuhh)
And now you got me spending (uhhuuhhh)
The way you got that body bendin (uhhhuhh)
Ass like that girl you gotta be kickin
And we goin to church next day repentent
Lap dancing for my FA crew
Slide it ova to boo cause he want some too
Up in the VIP with no fee
Blessing you with the G even tho we gettin it free so

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Girl shake ya body body
With somebody body
Whatever you do don't break your body body
After the party party
Grab a hottie hottie
In the back seat of your Mazaratti-ratti
Jiggle jiggle it to the left (ah ah ah)
Jiggle jiggle it to the right (ah ah ah)
Jiggle it to the front then jiggle it to the back
And jiggle jiggle it all all night (ah ah ah)

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

Hey ladies drop it down
Just want to see you touch the ground
Don't be shy girl go Banaza
Shake ya body like a belly dancer

2008-03-13T00:22:00.001-07:00

Thermoregulation in humans

Thermoregulation is an essential aspect of human homeostasis. Humans have been capable of adapt to a great diversity of climates, together with hot humid and hot arid. High temperatures cause serious stresses for the human body, placing it in great danger of hurt or even death. To deal with these climatic conditions, humans have urbanized physiologic and cultural modes of adaptation.

The skin assists in homeostasis (keeping different aspects of the body unvarying e.g. temperature). It does this by reacting in a different way to hot and cold conditions in order that the inner body temperature remains more or less constant. Vasodilatation and sweating are the primary modes by which humans attempt to lose excess body heat. The effectiveness of these methods is inclined by the character of the climate and the degree to which the individual is acclimatized.

2008-03-05T00:11:00.000-08:00

How do I move up my business with seo services?

If you are looking to develop your business, SEO services can help out immensely. If you are not on the first or second page of the results for your targeted keywords, you nearly all likely won’t have many visitors that arrive from search engines. More visitors’ online equals more sales.
SEO services can get you accepted. Having articles syndicated with your name on them, having blog posts written about your merchandise and / or service, having positive reviews written about you and directories with your business listing in them can help out. SEO experts can perform things to make your website come across more attractive to your visitors and to the search engines so that you make out results.

If you sell online collectibles and are optimized for numerous popular search terms for this kind of product, you have more chances of being found by your target viewers. An SEO consulting firm can help out you determine the best target words that can bring you the most visitors and they can help you come across ways to get more potential clients to see your company. While some people use pay per click campaigns, it’s expected that the vast majority of pay per click visitors do not equal sales. Why not use whole results that are proven as more expected to turn into a sale? Why not spend a little on seo and get a lot in terms of ROI?
Investing in search engine welcoming techniques can help out your company in the long run. Some SEO packages will assist you get to the top of the search results on the top half a dozen search engine companies. Few SEO consulting packages will as well work with you on an ongoing basis to keep you there. There are many things that these specialist organizations can do for you.

When you look at this professional search engine or internet marketing services, do a bit of homework on the company you are taking into consideration. See whether they guarantee ethical use of search engine tools and assure to deliver with a guarantee. It’s also clever to look at their references and research whether or not they have been in business for some time.

There are some shady practices out there that may get you initial immediate results but won’t work in the long term. Not just do you want to rise to the top of the search engines but you wish for to stay there. Successful SEO consultants make out what it takes to both get there and to assist keep you there. If you are in an ordinary business, you’ll have a lot of competition for top spot on Google, MSN and Yahoo. The majority companies worth dealing with will assure first page results.

Investing in your business with search engine optimization is similar to an advertising campaign for anyone out in cyberspace. You wish for to get the attention of as many of your target customers as possible. While many methods exist to obtain their attention, seo services are by far the results that offer the uppermost yield or go back on your investment.

2008-02-27T01:15:00.001-08:00

Plum

A plum or gage is a stone type of fruit tree in the genus Prunus, subgenus Prunus. The subgenus is distinguished from additional subgenera (peaches, cherries, bird cherries, etc) in the shoots containing a terminal bud and the side buds solitary (not clustered), the flowers being grouped 1-5 together on short stems, and the fruit containing a groove running down one side, and a smooth stone.

2008-02-20T01:16:00.001-08:00

Dynamic Memory in C++

Until now, in all our programs, we have simply had as much memory obtainable as we declared for our variables, having the size of all of them to be determined in the source code, before the implementation of the program. However, what if we need a variable amount of memory that can simply be determined during runtime? For instance, in the case that we necessitate some user input to determine the required amount of memory space. To solve such problem the answer is dynamic memory, for which C++ integrates the operators new and delete.

2008-02-13T02:25:00.001-08:00

Lynx Browser

Lynx is a text browser that lets you greater speed than graphical browsers. It is the text browser for the World Wide Web. Lynx 2.8.5 runs on Un*x, VMS, Windows 95/98/NT, DOS386+ but not 3.1, 3.11, or OS/2 EMX. The present developmental version is as well available for testing. Ports to Mac are in beta analysis.

2008-02-05T21:47:00.001-08:00

Carrot

The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a root vegetable, generally orange or white, or pink in color, with a crunchy texture when fresh. The appropriate for eating part of a carrot is a taproot. It is a cultivated form of the wild carrot Daucus carota, national to Europe and southwestern Asia. It has been bred for its very much inflamed and more palatable, less woody-textured edible taproot, but is still the similar species.

It is a biennial plant which grows a rosette of leaves in the spring and summer, at the same time as building up the fat taproot, which stores big amounts of sugars for the plant to flower in the second year. The peak stem grows to about 1 m tall, with an umbel of white flowers.

Carrots can be eaten raw, complete, chopped, grate, or added to salads for color or texture. They are also time and again chopped and boiled, fried or steamed, and cooked in soups and stews, as well as fine baby foods and choose pet foods. A well known dish is carrots julienne. Grated carrots are used in carrot cakes, as healthy as carrot puddings, an old English dish thought to have originated in the early 1800s.

2008-01-29T22:31:00.000-08:00

Forest

A forest is a region with a high thickness of trees. There are lots of definitions of a forest, based on a variety of criteria. These plant communities cover large areas of the world and function as animal habitats, hydrologic flow modulators, and soil conservers, comprise one of the most main aspects of the Earth's biosphere. Although often thought of as carbon dioxide sinks, mature forests are about carbon neutral with only disturbed and young forests acting as carbon sinks. However mature forests do play an important role in the global carbon cycle as stable carbon pools, and clearance of forests leads to an increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

Forests can be found in all regions talented of sustaining tree growth, at altitudes capable of the tree-line, except where natural fire frequency is too high, or where the surroundings has been impaired by natural processes or by human activities.

2008-01-21T21:11:00.001-08:00

What is Planet?

A planet is an extraterrestrial body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is huge adequate to be rounded by its own gravity, not very big enough to cause thermonuclear fusion in its core, and has cleared its nearby region of planets.

After stars and stellar remnants, planets are some of the most massive objects identified to man. They play a vital part in the structure of planetary systems, and are as well considered, along with large moons, the most possible environment for life. Therefore planetary science is crucial not only to comprehend the structure of the universe, but as well to better know the development of life, and to aid the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. In addition, the planets visible from Earth have played a very important role in the shaping of human culture, religion and philosophy in abundant civilizations. Even at present, many people carry on to believe true the movement of the planets affects their lives, all though such causation is discarded by the scientific community.

2008-01-08T22:29:00.001-08:00

What is Core of sun?

The core of the Sun is considered to make bigger from the center to about 0.2 solar radii. It has a mass of capable of 150,000 kg/m3 (150 times the density of water on Earth) and a temperature of about to 13,600,000 kelvins (by compare, the surface of the Sun is close to 5,785 kelvins (1/2350th of the core)). Through the majority of the Sun's life, energy is formed by nuclear fusion through a series of steps called the p-p (proton-proton) chain; this method converts hydrogen into helium. The core is the only spot in the Sun that produces a large amount of heat via fusion: the rest of the star is heated by energy that is transferred outward from the core. All of the energy formed by fusion in the core must travel through many repeated layers to the solar photosphere before it escapes into space as sunlight or kinetic energy of particles.

2007-12-25T23:26:00.000-08:00

What is Spamdexing?

Spamdexing has numerous methods, such as repeating unrelated phrases, to control the relevancy or prominence of resources indexed by a search engine, in a manner inconsistent with the idea of the indexing system. Some consider it to be a part of search engine optimization; though there are numerous search engine optimization methods that get better the quality and appearance of the content of web sites and serve content useful to many users. Search engines use a variety of algorithms to conclude relevancy ranking. Some of these contain determining whether the search term appears in the META keywords tag, others whether the search term appears in the body text or URL of a web page. Many search engines test out for instances of spamdexing and will remove suspect pages from their indexes. In addition people working for a search-engine organization can quickly block the results-listing from entire websites that use spamdexing, perhaps alerted by user objects of false matches. The rise of spamdexing in the mid-1990s made the most important search engines of the time less useful.

2007-12-19T01:03:00.001-08:00

What do you mean by Amusement Park?

Amusement park is the common word for a collection of rides and additional leisure attractions assembled for the reason of enjoyable a reasonably large group of people. An enjoyment park is more concerned than a simple city park or playground, as an amusement park is intended to cater to adults, teenagers, and small children.

An amusement park may perhaps be stable or temporary, normally periodic, like few days or weeks per year. The short-term amusement park with mobile rides etc. is known as the funfair or carnival.

Theme parks form a more directly defined type of an amusement park. They are lasting conveniences that use architecture, signage, landscaping to help express the feeling that people are in a various place or time. Time and again a theme park will have different 'lands' of the park committed to telling a particular story. Or else, an amusement park often has rides with tiny in terms of theming design elements. The major difference among a theme park and an amusement park is to in a theme park all the rides go all with the theme of the park, for instance Disney World.

2007-12-11T23:09:00.001-08:00

A short on Games

A game is equipped or semi-structured activity, normally undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes also used as a learning tool. Games are commonly different from work, which is generally accepted out for payment, and from art, which is more concerned with the term of ideas. On the other hand, the distinction is not clear-cut, and a lot of games can also be considered work and/or art. Key components of games are goals, policy, challenge, and interactivity. Games usually entail mental or objective stimulation, and often both. Many games help enlarge useful skills, serve as a form of exercise, or else execute an educational, simulation or emotional role.

2007-12-05T04:59:00.000-08:00

Short information about Contact lens

A contact lens (as well known as a "contact") is a corrective, cosmetic, or at times protective lens placed on the cornea of the eye.

The Contact lenses are obtainable in a number of varieties, together with hard and soft. Hard contacts are characteristically not disposable, while soft contacts often are. Few soft contacts are as well known as extended wear lenses. The most normally used contact lenses nowadays are of the soft variety, made-up in 1961 by the Czech chemist Otto Wichterle (1913–1998).

The Contact lenses (both soft and hard) are made of a range of types of polymers, the most recent containing some variant of silicone hydrogel. Formerly, hard contact lenses were made of a polymer recognized as PMMA. They have since been replaced by rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses. Numerous contact lenses are made of hydrophilic (water-absorbing) materials, in that way allowing oxygen to reach the cornea, and make the lens easier to wear. Heavily tinted contacts are tinted to adjust or to alter the color of the iris, and are used for cosmetic reasons. Some ordinary contact lenses are somewhat tinted to make them more noticeable for handling purposes.

2007-11-19T21:01:00.000-08:00

Transportation

Transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. The term is derived from the portare ("to carry") and Latin trans ("across") . Industries which have the business of providing equipment, actual transport, transport of people or goods and services used in transport of goods or people make up a huge broad and important segment of most national economies, and are collectively referred to as transport industries.

The field of transport has several aspects: loosely they can be divided into a triad of infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Infrastructure includes the transport networks (roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals, pipelines, etc.) that are used, as well as the nodes or terminals (such as airports, railway stations, bus stations and seaports). The vehicles generally traverse on the networks, such as automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, aircrafts.

2007-11-15T22:32:00.001-08:00

Fashion

The term "fashion" generally applies to a popular mode of expression, but quite regularly applies to a personal style of expression that may or may not apply to all. Inherent in the term is the design that the mode will vary more quickly than the culture as a total. The terms "fashionable" and "unfashionable" are in use to describe whether somebody or something fits in with the recent popular mode of appearance. The term "fashion" is regularly used in a positive sense, as a synonym for glamour and style. In this sense, fashions are a type of public art, through which a culture examines its design of beauty and goodness. The term "fashion" is as well sometimes used in a negative sense, as a synonym for fads, trends, and greed.

Fashion in clothes has acceptable wearers to express feeling or unity with other people for millennia. Modern Westerners have an extensive choice presented in the selection of their clothes. What a person chooses to dress in can reflect that person's personality or likes. When people who have cultural type start to wear new or different clothes a fashion trend may start. People who like or esteem them may start to wear clothes of a similar style.

2007-11-05T21:37:00.000-08:00

River

A river is a natural waterway, which moves water diagonally the land from upper to lower elevations, and is a main part of the water cycle. The water within a river is generally from rain through surface runoff and release of stored water in natural reservoirs, such as groundwater.

The beginning of a mountain river from their resource, all rivers run downhill, naturally terminating in the sea or in a lake, during a flowing together. In dry areas rivers sometimes finish by losing water to evaporation. River water may also gain access to the soil or pervious rock, where it becomes groundwater. Extreme abstraction of water for use in industry, irrigation, etc., can also source a river to dry before reaching its natural boundary.

2007-10-22T21:37:00.000-07:00

Forest

A forest is an area with a high bulk of trees. There are several definitions of a forest, based on a variety of criteria. These plant communities face large areas of the globe and function as animal habitats, and soil conservers, constituting one of the most important aspects of the Earth's biosphere. While frequently thought of as carbon dioxide sinks, grown-up forests are approximately carbon neutral with only troubled and young forests acting as carbon sinks. However mature forests do play a main role in the global carbon cycle as stable carbon pools, and authorization of forests leads to an increase of impressive carbon dioxide levels.

Forests sometimes have many tree species within a small area or comparatively few species over large areas. Forests are frequently home to many animal and plant species, and biomass per unit area is high compared to other plants communities. Much of this biomass occurs below-ground in the origin systems and as partly decomposed plant accumulation. The woody element of a forest contains lignin, which is comparatively slow to decompose compared with other organic materials such as cellulose or carbohydrate.

2007-10-19T00:54:00.000-07:00

Technology

Technology is a large concept that deals with a species' procedure and information of tools and crafts, and how it affects a group' capability to control and get used to its environment. In human culture, it is an importance of science and engineering, although several technical advances predate the two concepts

Technology has affected society and its environment in a number of ways. In many societies, technology has helped increase more advanced economies and has allowed the rise of a spare time class. Yet, many technological processes create unwanted by-product, known as pollution, and reduce natural resources, to the detriment of the Earth and its environment. Various implementations of technology control the values of a society and new technology raises new moral questions. Examples include the rise of the concept of effectiveness in terms of human productivity, a term originally useful only to machines, and the challenge of traditional norms.

2007-10-11T00:33:00.000-07:00

Education System

Schooling occurs when group or a society or an individual sets up a curriculum to educate people, usually the young. Schooling can become systematic. Sometimes education systems can be used to promote doctrine or ethics as well as knowledge, and this can lead to abuse of the system.

Life-long or adult education have become extensive in many countries. However, education is still seen by many as something aimed at children, and adult education is often branded as adult learning or ultimate learning.

Adult education takes on several forms, from formal class-based learning to self-directed learning. Lending libraries provide cheap informal access to books and other self-instructional materials. Many adults have also taken advantage of the rise in computer ownership and internet access to further their casual education

2007-09-27T21:31:00.000-07:00

shuttlecock

A shuttlecock is a high-drag projectile used in the game of badminton. It has an open conical shape: the cone is shaped from sixteen overlapping goose feathers surrounded into a rounded cork base. The cork is covered with thin leather.

The shuttlecock's form makes it tremendously aerodynamically steady. Regardless of initial orientation, it will turn to fly cork first, and remain in the cork-first orientation.

The name shuttlecock is commonly shortened to shuttle; a shuttlecock may also be known as a bird or birdie. The abbreviation cock is rarely used except in a funny sense, due to its vulgar connotations. The "shuttle" part of the name was most likely derived from its back-and-forth movement during the game, similar to the shuttle of a loom; the "cock" part of the name was almost certainly derived from the likeness of the feathers to a bird's crest.

2007-09-21T01:15:00.000-07:00

Railways

Rail transport is the transport of passengers and supplies by means of wheeled vehicles particularly designed to run down railways.

A railway/railroad track consists of two parallel iron rails, usually anchored vertical to beams, termed sleepers or ties, concrete, or steel to keep a steady space apart, or gauge. The rails and perpendicular beams are generally then placed on a base made of concrete or condensed earth and gravel in a bed of ballast to stop the track from buckling as the ground settles over time below and under the weight of the vehicles passing above. The vehicles traveling on the rails are arranged in a train; a string of individual powered or unpowered vehicles connected together, displaying markers.

2007-08-28T22:46:00.000-07:00

Weather

Weather most frequently results from temperature differences from one planet to another. On large scales, temperatures differences arise mainly as areas closer to Earth's equator get more energy per unit area from the Sun than do regions nearer to Earth's poles. On local scales, temperature differences can arise because different surfaces have opposed physical characteristics such as reflectivity, roughness, or moisture content.

Surface temperature differences in roll cause pressure differences. A hot surface heats the air over it and the air expands, lowering the air pressure. The resulting parallel pressure rise accelerates the air from high to low pressure, creating wind, and Earth's rotation then causes curvature of the pour via the Coriolis Effect. The strong temperature contrast among polar and tropical air gives rise to the jet flow. Most weather systems in the mid-latitudes are caused by instabilities of the jet stream flow. Weather systems in the tropics are caused by different processes, such as monsoons shower systems.

2007-07-16T04:50:00.001-07:00

Yoga

Yoga is one of the six schools of Hindu philosophy, focusing on meditation as a trail to self-knowledge and freedom. Yoga is seen as a means to mutually physiological and spiritual mastery. Outside India, Yoga has become mainly related with the practice of asanas of Hatha Yoga, although it has influenced the whole dharmic religions family and other spiritual practices throughout the world

5,000 year old carvings from the Indus Valley Civilization represent a figure that archaeologists think represents a yogi sitting in meditation posture. The sitting in a conventional cross-legged yoga pose with its hands resting on its knees. The explorer of the seal, archaeologist Sir John Marshall, named the figure Shiva Pashupati.

A seal from the Indus Valley Civilization, The first known written reference to yoga is in the Rig Veda, likely by the western scholars to be at least 3,500 years old. The Upanishads, Bhagavad-Gita, and the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali also converse the concepts and teachings of yoga.

2007-05-30T01:48:00.001-07:00

Coffee Preparation

The processing of coffee normally designates the agricultural and industrial processes desirable to deliver whole roasted coffee beans to the consumer. Grinding the roasted coffee beans is done at a roastery, in a grocery store, or at home. It is most frequently ground at the roastery and sold to the consumer ground and packaged, though "whole-bean" coffee that is ground at home is becoming more popular, in spite of the extra effort required. A grind is referred to by its brewing method. "Turkish" grind, the finest, is meant for mixing straight with water, while the coarsest grinds, such as coffee percolator or French press, are at the other extreme. Midway between the extremes are the most common: "drip" and "paper filter" grinds, which are used in the most common home coffee brewing machines. The "drip" machines function with near-boiling water passed in a slow stream through the ground coffee in a filter. The espresso method uses more advanced technology to force very hot water, through the ground coffee, ensuing in a stronger flavor and chemical changes with more coffee bean matter in the drink. Once brewed, it may be presented in a variety of ways: on its own, with sugar, with milk or cream, hot or cold, and so on. Roasted arabica beans are also eaten plain and covered with chocolate. See the article on coffee preparation for a complete list.

2007-05-30T01:48:00.000-07:00

2007-05-14T06:01:00.001-07:00

Submarine volcanoes:

Submarine volcanoes are general features on the ocean floor. Some are energetic and, in shallow water, disclose their presence by blasting steam and rocky fragments high above the surface of the sea. Many others lie at such great rock bottom that the tremendous weight of the water above them prevents the explosive discharge of steam and gases, although they can be detected by hydrophones and staining of water because of volcanic gases. Even large submarine eruptions may not disturb the ocean surface. Because of the rapid cooling effect of water as compared to air, and increased buoyancy, submarine volcanoes often form rather sharp pillars over their volcanic vents as compared to above-surface volcanos. In due time, they may break the ocean surface as new islands. Pillow lava is a common eruptive product of submarine volcanoes.

2007-04-25T05:38:00.000-07:00

Green House Effect:

CO2 production from increased industrial activity (fossil fuel burning) and other human actions such as cement production and tropical deforestation has increased the CO2 concentrations in the ambiance. Measurements of carbon dioxide amounts from Mauna Loa observatory show that CO2 has increased from about 313 ppm (parts per million) in 1960 to about 375 ppm in 2005. The current observed amount of CO2 exceeds the geological record of CO2 maxima (~300 ppm) from ice core data (Hansen, J., Climatic Change, 68, 269, 2005 ISSN 0165-0009).

Because it is a greenhouse gas, elevated CO2 levels will increase global mean temperature; based on an extensive review of the scientific literature, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concludes that "most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations" [7].

Over the past 800,000 years [8], ice core data shows clearly that carbon dixoide has varied from values as low as 180 parts per million (ppm) to the pre-industrial level of 270ppm [9]. Certain paleoclimatologists consider variations in carbon dioxide to be a fundamental factor in controlling climate variations over this time scale.[1]

2007-04-02T21:20:00.000-07:00

Weather forecasting

Although meteorologists now rely deeply on computer models, it is still relatively common to use techniques and conceptual models that were developed before computers were powerful enough to make predictions accurately or efficiently. Many of these methods are used to resolve how much skill a forecaster has added to the forecast. Similarly, they could also be used to determine how much skill the industry as a whole has gained with emerging technologies and techniques.

Persistence method

The persistence method assumes that conditions will not change. Often summarized as "Tomorrow equals today". This method works best over short periods of time in stagnant weather regimes.

Extrapolation method

This assumes that the systems in the atmosphere propagate at similar speeds than seen in the past at some distance into the future. This method works best over short periods of time, and works best if you take diurnal changes in the pressure and precipitation patterns into account.

2007-03-21T21:24:00.000-07:00

Political party

Is an organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. Parties often espouse a certain ideology, but may also represent a coalition among disparate interests. In parliamentary systems of government, most political parties have an elected leader who, if his or her party is elected by absolute majority, or with a relative majority within the coalition where tradition is thus, becomes head of government. In presidential systems, the President may be elected as a representative of his party; however, in many nations he is forced to relinquish his connections with his party upon the assumption of office as head of state.

In certain electoral situations a coalition government may be formed from members of more than one party. This is more common after elections using proportional representation rather than a "first past the post" system. Partisanship is the tendency of supporters of political parties to subscribe to or at least support their party's views and policies in contrast to those of other parties. Differentiation is essential to most political parties: they must be different at least in some ways to other parties to compete in politics and win elections. Extreme partisanship is sometimes referred to as partisan warfare.

2007-03-13T22:01:00.000-07:00

Ayurveda

Ayurveda or ayurvedic medicine is a form of alternative medicine in use primarily in the Indian subcontinent. The word "Ayurveda" is a tatpurusha compound of ayus "life" and veda "knowledge", and would roughly translate as the "Science of Life". Ayurveda deals with the measures of healthy living, along with therapeutic measures that relate to physical, mental, social and spiritual harmony. Ayurveda is also one among the few traditional systems of medicine involving surgery.

Ayurveda was first described by Agnivesha, in his book Agnivesh tantra. The book was later revised by Charaka, and renamed to Charaka Samhita. Another early text of Ayurveda is the Sushruta Samhita, which in addition to the Charaka Samhita, served as the textual material in the ancient Universities of Takshashila and Nalanda. These texts are believed to have been written around the beginning of the Common Era, and is based on a holistic approach rooted in earlier Vedic culture. Its conspicuous use of the word veda, or knowledge, reveals its role in early Hinduism and explains its popularity in India. The origin of Ayurvedic medical sciences is claimed to come from a divine revelation from Lord Brahma.

2007-03-04T21:11:00.001-08:00

Lotion

A lotion is a low- to medium-viscosity medicated or non-medicated topical preparation intended for application to unbroken skin. Most lotions are oil-in-water emulsions but water-in-oil lotions are also formulated. Lotions are usually applied to external skin with a clean cloth, cotton wool or gauze.The key components of a lotion emulsion are the aqueous and oily phases, an emulgent to prevent separation of these two phases, and, if used, the drug substance or substances. A wide variety of other ingredients such as fragrances, glycerol, dyes, preservatives, vitamins, proteins and stabilizing agents are commonly added to lotions.

It is not uncommon for the same drug ingredient to be formulated into a lotion, cream and ointment. Creams are the most convenient of the three but are inappropriate for application to regions of hairy skin such as the scalp, while a lotion is less viscous and may be readily applied to these areas. Lotions also have an advantage in that they may be spread thinly compared to a cream or ointment and may economically cover a large area of skin. Non-comedogenic lotions are recommended for use on acne prone skin.

2007-02-20T21:09:00.001-08:00

Identical twins

Identical twins occur when a single egg is fertilized to form one zygote which then divides into two separate embryos. This is not considered to be a hereditary trait, but rather an anomaly that occurs in birthing at a rate of about 1:150 births worldwide, regardless of ethnic background. The two embryos develop into fetuses sharing the same womb. When one egg is fertilized by one sperm cell, and then divides and separates, two identical cells will result. Depending on the stage at which the zygote divides, identical twins may share the same amnion, which can cause complications in pregnancy.

For example, the umbilical cords of monoamniotic twins can become entangled, reducing or interrupting the blood supply to the developing fetus. About 50% of mono-mono twins die from umbilical cord entanglement. Monochorionic twins, sharing one placenta, usually also share the placental blood supply. These twins may develop such that blood passes disproportionately from one twin to the other through connecting blood vessels within their shared placenta, leading to twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.

2007-02-14T20:08:00.000-08:00

Marginalism

In marginalist economic theory, the price level is determined by the marginal cost and marginal utility. The price of all goods will be the cost of making the last one that people will purchase, and the price of all the employees in a company will be the cost of hiring the last one the business needs. Marginalism looks at decisions based on "the margins", what the cost to produce the next unit is, versus how much it is expected to return in profit. When the marginal return of an action reaches zero, the action stops. Marginal utility is how much more happiness or use a person receives from a purchase in contrast with buying less. Marginal rewards are often subject to diminishing returns: Less reward is obtained from more production or consumption. For example, the 10th bar of chocolate that a person consumes does not taste as good as the first, and so brings less marginal utility.

Marginalism became increasingly important in economic theory in the late 19th century, and is a tool which is used to analyze how economic systems will react. Marginal cost of production divides costs into "fixed" costs which must be paid regardless of how many of a commodity are produced, and "variable costs". The marginal cost is the variable cost of the last unit. Marginalism states that when the profit from the next unit will be zero, that unit will not be produced. This is often termed the marginal revolution in economic thought.

2007-02-04T20:43:00.000-08:00

Mega tsunami

Mega tsunami often hyphenated as mega-tsunami, also known as iminami or "wave of purification" is an informal term used by popular media and popular science to describe a very large tsunami-like wave significantly beyond the size reached by tsunamis. For this reason, there is no scientific definition of a mega tsunami. Informally, the term generally refers to waves beyond the norm for tsunamis, ranging from over 40 meters to giants over 100 meters tall. Note that mega tsunamis often reach higher than their wave height when they meet land, as the water often floods upwards from the force of impact.

Mega tsunamis are related to tsunamis in name only: they do not usually have the same cause or appearance, the only connection being that both are very large scale water movements caused by point events.[citation needed] They are also not the same as freak waves which appear in ocean waters and are often up to 30 meters tall.

2007-01-23T21:05:00.000-08:00

Buddhism

Buddhism is a religion, a realistic philosophy, and arguably a psychology, focusing on the teachings of the Buddha Sakyamuni, who lived in antique India most likely from the mid-6th to the early 5th century BCE. Buddhism extend throughout the Indian subcontinent in the five centuries following the Buddha's passing, and propagated into Central, Southeast, and East Asia over the next two millennia. Today, Buddhism is divided primarily into three traditions: Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. Buddhism continues to magnetize followers worldwide, and, with about 708 million adherents, it is considered a major world religion. Buddhism is the fourth-largest religion in the world.

When used in a generic sense, a Buddha is usually considered to be a person who discovers the true nature of reality through years of spiritual cultivation, investigation of the variety of religious practices of his time, and meditation. This transformational discovery is called bodhi - literally, "Awakening”. Any person who has become awakened from the "sleep of ignorance" by directly realizing the true nature of reality is called a Buddha.

2007-01-11T20:43:00.000-08:00

Animal

Animals are a main group of organisms, classified as the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. In general they are multicellular, capable of locomotion, responsive to their environment, and feed by consuming other organisms. Their body plan becomes permanent as they develop, usually early on in their development as embryos, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on.

The word "animal" comes from the Latin word animal, of which animalia is the plural, and is derived from anima, meaning vital breath or soul. In everyday usage animal refers to any member of the animal kingdom that is not a human being, and sometimes excludes insects. The use of the word animal in law classically reflects the common pre-scientific use of the word, roughly equivalent to what modern biology would classify as nonhuman mammal. For example, wildlife laws normally use phrases such as "animals, birds and fish."

2007-01-05T20:47:00.000-08:00

Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia is one of the classical Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was carved by the famed Classical sculptor Phidias circa 435 BC in Olympia, Greece.

The seated statue occupied the whole width of the aisle of the temple that was built to house it, and was 40 feet tall. "It seems that if Zeus were to stand up," the geographer Strabo noted early in the 1st century BC, "he would unroof the temple." Zeus was carved from ivory then covered with gold plating and was seated on a magnificent throne of cedarwood, inlaid with ivory, gold, ebony, and precious stones. In Zeus' right hand there was a small statue of Nike, the goddess of victory, and in his left hand, a shining sceptre on which an eagle perched. Visitors like the Roman general Aemilius Paulus, the victor over Macedon, were moved to awe by the godlike majesty and splendor that Phidias had captured.

2007-01-04T20:45:00.000-08:00

2D computer graphics

The first advance in computer graphics was in the use of CRTs. There are two approaches to 2D computer graphics: vector and raster graphics. Vector graphics stores precise geometric data, topology and style such as: coordinate positions of points, the relations between points , and the color, thickness, and possible fill of the shapes. Most vector graphic systems can also use primitives of standard shapes such as circles, rectangles, etc.

Early vector-graphics displays were monochrome CRTs where the picture was drawn by the cathode ray being motivated about the screen along the required path.On a scanning display, a vector graphic image has to be transformed to a raster image to be viewed. Raster graphics is a uniform 2-dimensional grid of pixels. Each pixel has a specific value such as, for instance, brightness, color, transparency, or a combination of such values. A raster image has a finite resolution of a specific number of rows and columns. Standard computer displays shows a raster image of resolutions such as 1280 columnsx1024 rows of pixels. Today, one often combines raster and vector graphics in complex file formats.

2006-12-27T21:02:00.000-08:00

Ice age

An ice age is a period of long-term downturn in the temperature of Earth's climate, resulting in an expansion of the continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and mountain glaciers. Glaciologically, ice age is often used to mean a period of ice sheets in the northern and southern hemispheres; by this definition we are still in an ice. More colloquially, when speaking of the last few million years, ice age is used to refer to colder periods with extensive ice sheets over the North American and Eurasian continents: in this sense, the last ice age ended about 10,000 years ago. This article will use the term ice age in the former, glaciological, sense; and use the term glacial periods for colder periods during ice ages and interglacial for the warmer periods.

Many glacial periods have occurred during the last few million years, initially at 40,000-year frequency but more recently at 100,000-year frequencies. These are the best studied. There have been four major ice ages in the further past.

2006-12-20T20:27:00.000-08:00

History of India

Stone Age rock shelters with paintings at Bhimbetka in the state of Madhya Pradesh are the earliest known traces of human life in India. The first known permanent settlements appeared over 9,000 years ago and gradually developed into the Indus Valley Civilization, dating back to 3300 BCE in western India. It was followed by the Vedic Civilization which laid the foundations of Hinduism and other cultural aspects of early Indian society. From around 550 BCE, many independent kingdoms and republics known as the Mahajanapadas were established across the country laying the foundations of ancient India.

The empire built by the Maurya dynasty under Emperor Ashoka the Great united most of modern Southern Asia except the Dravidian kingdoms in the south. From 180 BCE, a series of invasions from Central Asia followed including the Indo-Greeks, Indo-Scythians, Indo-Parthians and Kushans in the north-western Indian Subcontinent. From the third century CE, the Gupta dynasty oversaw the period referred to as ancient India's "Golden Age." While the north had larger, fewer kingdoms, in the south there were several dynasties such as the Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Cheras, Cholas, Pallavas and Pandyas in different times and regions.